Ethyl Chloroacetate: A Versatile Chemical with Industrial and Pharmaceutical Applications

Introduction

Ethyl chloroacetate (ECA) is a versatile organic compound with a wide range of applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This article provides an overview of ECA, including its properties, production, uses, and safety considerations.

Properties of Ethyl Chloroacetate

• Molecular formula: C4H7ClO2
• Molecular weight: 108.54 g/mol
• Boiling point: 144-145 °C
• Freezing point: -57 °C
• Density: 1.16 g/cm³
• Odor: pungent, suffocating
• Solubility in water: 4.2 g/100 mL at 20 °C
• Reactivity: corrosive, reacts with water and alcohols

Production of Ethyl Chloroacetate

ECA is primarily produced by the reaction of acetic acid with chlorine and hydrogen chloride:

CH3COOH + Cl2 + HCl → CH3CHClCOOCH2CH3 + H2O

This process is typically carried out in a solvent such as acetic anhydride or 1,2-Dichloroethane.

Uses of Ethyl Chloroacetate

Chemical Industry

• Intermediate in the production of cellulose acetate, a biodegradable plastic
• Synthesis of other organic chemicals, such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and fragrances
• Solvent for resins and coatings

Pharmaceutical Industry

• Synthesis of antibiotics, including penicillin and cephalosporins
• Production of antiviral and antibacterial agents
• Intermediate in the manufacture of vitamins and hormones

Safety Considerations

ECA is a corrosive and toxic substance. The following safety precautions should be followed when handling this chemical:

• Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, eye protection, and a respirator.
• Ensure adequate ventilation in the work area.
• Handle ECA only in designated areas.
• Store ECA in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated location.

Storage and Handling of Ethyl Chloroacetate

• Store ECA in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
• Keep containers away from heat, sparks, and open flames.
• Store ECA separately from incompatible materials, such as strong bases, oxidizers, and metals.

Transport of Ethyl Chloroacetate

• ECA is classified as a hazardous material for transportation.
• Consult the relevant regulations and guidelines for the proper transport of hazardous materials.

Global Market of Ethyl Chloroacetate

Market Size and Growth

According to the market research firm Technavio, the global ethyl chloroacetate market was valued at USD 472.8 million in 2020 and is projected to grow to USD 677.5 million by 2026, exhibiting a CAGR of 6.38% during the forecast period.

Key Market Trends

• Growing demand for cellulose acetate in the automotive and packaging industries
• Increasing use of ECA in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals
• Government regulations on the use of toxic chemicals
• Technological advancements in manufacturing and purification processes

Key Market Players

• BASF SE
• Celanese Corporation
• Lanxess AG
• Milliken Chemical
• Solvay SA

Ethyl Chloroacetate: Tips and Tricks

Storage and Handling

• Regularly inspect containers for leaks or damage.
• Maintain a clean and organized storage area.
• Use non-sparking tools and equipment when handling ECA.

Safety Precautions

• Always wear appropriate PPE when working with ECA.
• Wash hands thoroughly after handling ECA.
• Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
• If contact occurs, flush the affected area with plenty of water and seek medical attention.

Troubleshooting

• Problem: ECA container is leaking.
• Solution: Transfer the contents to a new container and dispose of the leaking container properly.
• Problem: ECA is contaminated.
• Solution: Distill ECA to remove impurities.

Ethyl Chloroacetate: Pros and Cons

Pros

• Readily available and relatively inexpensive
• Versatile chemical with a wide range of applications
• Can be used as a solvent, intermediate, and starting material

Cons

• Corrosive and toxic
• Environmental concerns associated with its production and use
• Requires special handling and disposal procedures

Call to Action

If you are interested in learning more about ethyl chloroacetate or its applications, please contact us today. Our team of experts can provide you with the technical and commercial support you need to use ECA safely and effectively in your operations.

Appendix

Tables

Table 1: Physical Properties of Ethyl Chloroacetate

Table 2: Global Ethyl Chloroacetate Market Value

Table 3: Key Ethyl Chloroacetate Market Players