Introduction
Cleveland, Ohio, has undergone significant demographic shifts over the past several decades, shaping the city's population, economy, and social landscape. This comprehensive article provides an in-depth analysis of the city's demographics, highlighting key trends and their implications for the future.
Overall Population:
In 2021, Cleveland's population was estimated at 467,810, a decrease of 5.4% since 2010. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2021)
Age Distribution:
The city's population is aging, with a median age of 37.8, higher than the national median of 38.5. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2021)
Race and Ethnicity:
According to the 2020 Census, Cleveland's racial and ethnic makeup is:
Race/Ethnicity | Percentage |
---|---|
White | 41.7% |
Black or African American | 33.5% |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 12.9% |
Asian | 4.5% |
Other | 7.4% |
Employment:
The largest employment sectors in Cleveland are healthcare, manufacturing, and education. The city's unemployment rate is slightly higher than the national average. (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2021)
Income:
Cleveland's median household income is $43,787, slightly below the national median of $67,521. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2021)
Poverty:
The poverty rate in Cleveland is 21.5%, significantly higher than the national rate of 11.4%. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2021)
Graduation Rates:
Cleveland's high school graduation rate is 79.2%, below the national average of 85.3%. (Cleveland Metropolitan School District, 2021)
Higher Education:
The city is home to several universities, including Case Western Reserve University and Cleveland State University. Approximately 24% of the population holds a bachelor's degree or higher. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2021)
Life Expectancy:
Cleveland's life expectancy is 80.8 years, lower than the national average of 79.1. (Cleveland Department of Public Health, 2021)
Health Disparities:
Health outcomes vary widely across Cleveland's different neighborhoods, with significant disparities in access to healthcare, air quality, and healthy food options. (Cleveland Health Equity Agenda, 2021)
Housing and Transportation
Homeownership:
The homeownership rate in Cleveland is 45.6%, lower than the national average of 65.7%. (U.S. Census Bureau, 2021)
Transportation:
The majority of Cleveland residents commute to work by car. The city is also served by a public transportation system, including buses, trains, and light rail.
The demographic changes outlined above are expected to continue shaping Cleveland's future. The city faces challenges in revitalizing its economy, improving education outcomes, and addressing health disparities.
Opportunities:
Challenges:
Indicator | 2021 Value | Change from 2010 |
---|---|---|
Population | 467,810 | -5.4% |
Median Age | 37.8 | +2.2 |
Median Household Income | $43,787 | +3.4% |
High School Graduation Rate | 79.2% | +3.2% |
Poverty Rate | 21.5% | +3.6% |
Life Expectancy | 80.8 years | -1.2 |
Race/Ethnicity | Percentage (2020) | Change from 2010 |
---|---|---|
White | 41.7% | -10.1% |
Black or African American | 33.5% | +3.5% |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 12.9% | +4.2% |
Asian | 4.5% | +1.1% |
Other | 7.4% | +1.3% |
Education Level | Percentage (2020) | Change from 2010 |
---|---|---|
Less than High School | 12.3% | -2.8% |
High School Diploma or Equivalent | 26.5% | -1.8% |
Some College, No Degree | 25.2% | +2.1% |
Associate's Degree | 10.4% | +2.6% |
Bachelor's Degree or Higher | 23.8% | +5.4% |
Cleveland is at a critical juncture in its history. By embracing the current demographic trends and addressing the challenges they present, the city can create a more inclusive, prosperous, and equitable future for all residents. Let us work together to build a Cleveland that is both vibrant and sustainable for generations to come.
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