Christmas Valley: The Natural Wonder of Southern Oregon

Christmas Valley is a stunning natural area located in the high desert region of southern Oregon. It is known for its unique geology, diverse wildlife, and picturesque landscapes. Whether you are an outdoor enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply seeking a peaceful retreat, Christmas Valley offers a memorable experience.

A Geological Masterpiece

Christmas Valley is a geologically significant area that showcases a variety of volcanic formations. The valley is part of the Great Basin, a vast region that experiences frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity. The most prominent geological feature is the Alvord Desert, a flat and barren playa that covers an area of approximately 35 square miles. The playa is composed of fine-grained sediment and evaporite minerals, creating a dazzling white surface that contrasts beautifully with the surrounding mountains.

Harney Basin Caldera

Beneath the Alvord Desert lies the Harney Basin Caldera, an ancient volcanic crater that formed approximately 7 million years ago. The caldera is about 20 miles in diameter and is one of the largest in the United States. The caldera formed as a result of a massive volcanic eruption that ejected an enormous amount of ash and pumice. Over time, the caldera collapsed, creating the Alvord Desert.

Christmas Valley Fault Zone

Another significant geological feature is the Christmas Valley Fault Zone, a series of faults that run along the eastern side of the valley. These faults are responsible for the formation of hot springs and geothermal activity in the area. The most famous hot springs are the Beatty Hot Springs, which offer visitors a chance to soak in mineral-rich waters.

A Haven for Wildlife

Christmas Valley is also home to a diverse array of wildlife. The valley provides a crucial habitat for many animals, including pronghorn antelope, mule deer, coyotes, bobcats, and various bird species.

Birds

The Alvord Desert is a particularly important area for birds. During the spring and fall migrations, the playa attracts thousands of waterfowl, including geese, ducks, and swans. The desert also serves as a breeding ground for shorebirds, such as avocets, stilts, and killdeer.

Pronghorn Antelope

Pronghorn antelope are one of the most iconic animals in Christmas Valley. These graceful creatures are known for their speed and endurance. Pronghorn antelope can reach speeds of up to 60 miles per hour and can sustain high speeds for long distances. They are often seen grazing in the meadows and sagebrush flats of the valley.

Outdoor Activities Galore

Christmas Valley offers a wide range of outdoor activities for visitors of all ages and abilities. From hiking and biking to fishing and birdwatching, there is something for everyone to enjoy.

Hiking

The Alvord Desert is a popular destination for hikers of all levels. The flat terrain and relatively low elevation make it an accessible option for families and beginners. Hikers can explore the playa, climb the surrounding hills, and discover hidden caves and springs.

Biking

The Christmas Valley area also offers excellent opportunities for mountain biking. There are several designated trails that traverse the desert and surrounding mountains. Bikers can experience a variety of terrain, from smooth dirt roads to challenging single-track trails.

Fishing

The Chewaucan River, which flows through Christmas Valley, is a popular spot for fishing. Anglers can catch a variety of fish species, including rainbow trout, brown trout, and bass. Fishing is permitted in designated areas along the river.

Birdwatching

The Alvord Desert is a birdwatcher's paradise. The playa attracts thousands of migratory birds during the spring and fall seasons. Visitors can observe a wide variety of species, including geese, ducks, swans, shorebirds, and raptors.

A Historical Crossroads

Christmas Valley has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. The area was inhabited by Native American tribes for centuries before European settlers arrived in the 19th century. The valley was named after the first Christmas celebration held there in 1854.

Native American Heritage

The Paiute and Bannock tribes were the first inhabitants of Christmas Valley. They relied on the area's natural resources for food, shelter, and clothing. The Paiute and Bannock people left behind a legacy of rock art, petroglyphs, and other cultural artifacts that can still be found in the valley.

Pioneer History

In the mid-19th century, European settlers began to arrive in Christmas Valley. They established homesteads and ranches, and the area became a center for cattle and sheep grazing. The Christmas Valley Mercantile, which was built in 1885, is one of the oldest surviving buildings in the valley and serves as a reminder of its pioneer past.

Planning Your Trip

Planning a trip to Christmas Valley is easy and affordable. The area is accessible by car or plane, and there are several lodging options available.

Getting There

The nearest airport to Christmas Valley is the Burns Municipal Airport (BNO), which is located about 30 miles to the north. Visitors can also drive to the valley from Bend, Portland, or Boise.

Lodging

There are several lodging options available in and around Christmas Valley. Visitors can choose from motels, bed and breakfasts, and vacation rentals. The Alvord Hot Springs Resort is a popular choice for visitors who want to experience the healing waters of the hot springs.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

To ensure a safe and enjoyable visit to Christmas Valley, it is important to avoid certain common mistakes. Here are a few tips to keep in mind: * **Do not drive on the Alvord Desert when it is wet.** The playa can become very slippery and dangerous when it rains. * **Be aware of the weather conditions.** The weather in Christmas Valley can change quickly, so it is important to be prepared for all types of weather. * **Bring plenty of water and snacks.** There are no amenities available on the Alvord Desert, so it is essential to bring your own supplies. * **Respect the wildlife.** Do not approach or disturb wildlife, and always pack up your belongings before leaving an area.

How to Get to the Alvord Desert

To reach the Alvord Desert from Christmas Valley, take Highway 205 south for about 30 miles. Turn left onto County Road 27 and continue for about 10 miles until you reach the playa.

Frequently Asked Questions

**Q: What is the best time to visit Christmas Valley?** A: The best time to visit Christmas Valley is during the spring or fall when the weather is mild and the wildlife is abundant. **Q: Can I camp on the Alvord Desert?** A: Yes, camping is allowed on the Alvord Desert, but there are no designated campsites. Be sure to practice Leave No Trace principles and pack out everything you pack in. **Q: Are there any fees to enter Christmas Valley?** A: No, there are no fees to enter Christmas Valley or the Alvord Desert. **Q: Where can I find more information about Christmas Valley?** A: For more information about Christmas Valley, visit the following websites: * [Bureau of Land Management](https://www.blm.gov/programs/national-conservation-lands/oregon-washington/christmas-valley) * [Oregon Tourism Commission](https://traveloregon.com/places-to-go/eastern-oregon/christmas-valley/) * [Harney County Chamber of Commerce](https://www.harneycountychamber.org/)

Call to Action

Christmas Valley is a natural wonder that offers something for everyone to enjoy. Whether you are an outdoor enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply seeking a peaceful retreat, plan your trip to Christmas Valley today!

Tables

**Table 1: Wildlife in Christmas Valley** | Species | Number | |---|---| | Pronghorn antelope | 1,000+ | | Mule deer | 500+ | | Coyotes | 100+ | | Bobcats | 50+ | | Birds | 200+ species | **Table 2: Hiking Trails in Christmas Valley** | Trail | Distance | Difficulty | |---|---|---| | Playa Trail | 5 miles | Easy | | Mountain View Trail | 3 miles | Moderate | | Coyote Creek Trail | 10 miles | Difficult | **Table 3: Lodging Options in Christmas Valley** | Name | Type | Price | |---|---|---| | Alvord Hot Springs Resort | Resort | $100+ per night | | Christmas Valley Inn | Motel | $60+ per night | | Sagebrush Bed & Breakfast | Bed and Breakfast | $80+ per night |